Richard III - Tragedy In Isolation Essays (1137 words) -

Richard III - Tragedy in Isolation Richard III - Tragedy in Isolation The deplorability of Richard III lies in the dynamic disconnection of its hero. Examine. From the extremely opening of the play when Richard III enters solus, the hero's disconnection is clarified. Richard's disconnection advances as he isolates himself from different characters what's more, breaks the characteristic bonds among Man and nature through his endeavors to pick up power. The primary scene of the play starts with a monologue, which stresses Richard's physical disengagement as he shows up alone as he addresses the crowd. This thought of physical confinement is uplifted by his references to his deformation, for example, discourteously stamp'd...Cheated of highlight by Dissembling Nature, disfigured, incomplete. This deformation would be an outward sign to the crowd of the disharmony from Nature what's more, violence of his soul. As he despises the inactive joys of these days and talks about his plots to set one sibling against another, Richard appears to be socially separated from the figures around him, and maybe respected as a pariah or segregated due to his disfigurement. His detachment from is family is underscored when he says Jump, thought's down to my spirit at the point when he sees his sibling drawing nearer. He can't share his idea with his own family as he is plotting against them. Along these lines, we are given traces of his physical, social and profound separation which is created all through the play. In any case, regardless of these clues, he despite everything alludes to himself as a major aspect of the House of York, appeared in the rehashed utilization of Our. The idea of Richard's physical disengagement is fortified in his dealings with Anne in Act I scene ii. She calls himthou piece of foul deformation and fouler amphibian during their trade. In spite of these put-down, she despite everything causes time to converse with To richard, and by the finish of their trade, she has taken his ring and been woo'd by him. After Richard has effectively picked up the seat, he disconnects himself when he requests that the group stand all separated in Act IV scene ii. Furthermore, later, when Richard dreams, he is totally alone. Physical segregation in Richard's disfigurement wins compassion from the crowd as we feel sorry for his condition. Be that as it may Richard utilizes his disfigurement as an apparatus against different characters, to depict them as deceiving Richard. In this way the feeling of disaster is diminished by his own activities, despite the fact that his seclusion may get more noteworthy as the play advances. Richard's mental confinement is passed on through his absence of heart in his lethal demonstrations. No place does he feel regret for his homicides, until Act V scene iii when he shouts Show leniency Jesu! and O weakling inner voice, how dost thou burden me!. In this turning point, Richard's division from his own self is clarified from I and I, also, Is there a killer here? No. Indeed, I am! He has clashing perspectives of himself and understands that no animal cherishes him, not even himself. We additionally never the genuine brain of Richard, for he is continually assuming a job, of a caring sibling to Clarence, a sweetheart to Anne or a casualty to the others. We feel compassion toward Richard as he gets up in a powerless position and just because recognizes the malicious that he has done. Be that as it may, as he as it were uncovers his sentiments of blame in the last demonstration of the play, we don't see him in interior disturbance and in this way the feeling of mental disaster can't be based upon. Socially, Richard is disengaged from both the upper and lower classes of society. In Act I scene iii, Richard snidely calls Elizabeth sister, and she derisively calls him Sibling of Gloucester making a joke of familial bonds. Margaret calls him cacodemon what's more, villain, and any solidarity that the characters have in front of an audience is impermanent furthermore, shallow. In act III, the residents are supposed to be mum and fatal pale, which gives a feeling of calm resistance to Richard's exercises. Richard is therefore isolated from surrounding him. Briefly, we see Richard furthermore, Buckingham share a sort of bond, as Richard calls him My other self, My Oracle and My prophet. Be that as it may, they part when Buckingham dithers to slaughter the youthful rulers when Richard says I wish the mongrels dead. This is the main time the crowd sees Richard act with some other man, however we understand that it is for simply political purposes and that the association exists just while Buckingham stays helpful to him. Our compassion toward Richard is restricted as we see that he has no evident kinships, and doesn't truly care

Health Issues In Gender, Age and Ethnicity Essay

Medical problems In Gender, Age and Ethnicity - Essay Example causes the people to have an off base wisdom of their appearance and have an extraordinary inclination and need to get more fit in any event, when they are dainty, representing a damage to their wellbeing status. Anorexia is a typical issue among ladies in United Kingdom. As per the Royal College of Psychiatrists (2015), 95% of individuals experiencing anorexia in United Kingdom are ladies. In spite of the fact that the real quantities of individuals experiencing anorexia isn't known since most cases go undiscovered, it is assessed that 5% of ladies matured somewhere in the range of 15 and 30 in United Kingdom experience the ill effects of anorexia. The Royal College of Psychiatrists (2015) likewise proposes that ladies between the age of 15 and 30 have a high likelihood than men of experiencing anorexia. This makes ladies multiple times bound to experience the ill effects of anorexia. It is evaluated that 10% of ladies in United Kingdom experiencing anorexia capitulate to it consistently. Anorexia is a typical issue among the age section of 15 to 30 years and may get extreme prompting

Pop Art and modern popular culture Research Paper

Pop Art and present day mainstream society - Research Paper Example The new pop workmanship broke restrictions which were knowledgeable about the customary western culture. It is no big surprise pop craftsmanship censured the customary workmanship. All things considered, the youngsters were the ones for the most part associated with pop workmanship as another character, not the same as the generally elderly folks individuals. Pop craftsmanship got mainstream with the youthful performers who had the aesthetic of the time make covers for their music (Osterwold 8). Robert Rauschenberg's is cited expressing he had never considered a to be craftsmanship as the Marcel Duchamp’s urinal workmanship which the painter named the retina craftsmanship. The thought was to catch the consideration of the individuals in the Armory Show in New York in 1917. The craftsmanship caught the consideration of many including Robert Rauschenberg who promised to proceed with pop workmanship. Rauschenberg buckled down with pop craftsmanship particularly during the 1950s a dding to its notoriety. Different craftsmen credited for pop craftsmanship during the 1950s are Andy Warhol, and Jim Dine. These specialists utilized various styles some utilizing present day styles of the time and others utilizing conventional workmanship styles particularly Rauschenberg and Dine who fused prints and arrangement into their styles. Robert Rauschenberg, Andy Warhol and Jim Dine concentrated a great deal on the pop workmanship in the mid 1950s and reversed the situation round this time. Numerous individuals valued the pop craftsmanship as expressed previously. The quantity of pop craftsmanship ancient rarities developed from only 10,000 to in excess of 4 million of every a range of multi decade. These craftsmen worked in the neo-dada times and appeared to realize exactly how to make pop fine art. A couple of years after the fact, other pop craftsmen who concentrated on current strategies for instance camera photos came up and are known as photorealist. The fundamental target of this craftsmanship is to catch pragmatist symbolism utilizing workmanship. These craftsmen utilized two distinct photos one with constrained profundity of field and another with great field profundity and consolidated them to make one artistic creation (Desmond 13). Attributes of Pop Art was not increased in value by the general public and numerous specialists were worried that the remarks that craftsmanship was consummation could hold grounds soon or later. Nonetheless, Pop workmanship which got well known during the 1950s and the 1960s changed all that (Osterwold 6). Numerous individuals acknowledged workmanship and its impact turned out to be more than it would have been thought (Osterwold 6). Pop workmanship is unique in relation to other craftsmanship in that it is pragmatist yet dependent on the photos which are utilized

Franchise vs. Non-Franchise Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Establishment versus Non-Franchise - Research Paper Example Permitting is the point at which the licensor (enterprise) makes certain assets accessible to the licensee, which is an organization from another nation. This empowers the licensee to deliver and sell an item which is like the one being sold by the parent organization (Licensor). Diversifying is a unique type of permitting which happens when a partnership offers a total bundle to the franchisee which incorporates trademark, hardware, elements of the item and even counsel identified with administrative viewpoints. The franchisee takes the partnership's name and normalized working framework (Management, Print). Some incredible instances of establishments incorporate the inexpensive food chains like McDonald's, Subway, Burger King and so forth then again, a non-establishment business is one in which, in spite of the fact that you have lesser help when contrasted with an establishment, you are allowed to settle on your own choices and follow your own thoughts. In contrast to an establish ment, proprietors of a non-establishment business don't need to confront severe operational principles and other operational rules set by the franchisor (Non-diversified business openings, Web). One of the notable establishments of the world is Subway which has been picked as an establishment business for this task. The establishment idea of Subway includes a straightforward activity as the subs (sandwiches) don't need to be cooked. It additionally includes low speculation and overheads for the franchisee. So as to begin an establishment of tram, the franchisee first needs to present a total application. It takes between 2 to a year to begin the business at the proposed area. The franchisee is required not to have any relationship with different organizations during this term of establishment concurrence with Subway. So as to buy an establishment in the United States, the individual ought to be a lawful resident or changeless occupant of the United States. The franchisee is helped b y the enrolled improvement specialists of Subway who might help in the underlying settlement time frame. The absolute speculation by the franchisee can extend from $115,700 to $260,350 for conventional areas and $85,200 to $202,150 for non-customary areas. Tram helps the franchisee by giving preparing to fourteen day which remembers for class just as preparing in stores. Except if this preparation is taken, the franchisee won't be permitted to open the shop or outlet. There is a sure standards set by tram for area, store situation, store structure and so forth the fundamental menu of Subway offers breakfast, servings of mixed greens, level breads and hot just as chilly submarine sandwiches. The franchisees have the choice of adding four sandwiches to their menus, one to be chosen by the store and two chose by the market. The franchisee can decide the valuing of store things in spite of the fact that costs are likewise suggested by the organization. The franchisee likewise needs to f ollow various rules of fixings and different things. The menu likewise incorporates newly prepared treats and there additionally various necessities of salty tidbits, bread and so forth. The organization requires the franchisee to open the store for at least 98 hours. The arrangement can be changed or wiped out at the franchisor's circumspection. The creating operator would give preparing of 70 hours during the principal seven day stretch of the store and will assess the store on a month to month premise. The organization additionally gives every day back-up help by relegating a facilitator whom the storekeeper can call for

The horse that wanted more beauty

The horse that wanted more beauty A cosmic god had a horse. The horse was beautiful and also it had many good qualities. But it wanted to be more perfect in every way. It especially wanted to become beauty unparalleled.One day the horse said to the cosmic god, 0 Lord, you have given me beauty. You have given me other good qualities. I am so grateful to you. But how I wish you could make me more beautiful. I would be extremely, extremely grateful if you could make me more beautiful.The cosmic god said, I am more than ready to make you more beautiful. Tell me in what way you want to be changed. The horse said, It seems to me that I am not well proportioned. My neck is too short. If you can make my neck a little longer, my upper body will be infinitely more beautiful. And if you can make my legs much longer and thinner, then I will look infinitely more beautiful in my lower body.The cosmic god said, Amen! Then immediately he made a camel appear in place of the horse. The horse was so disheartened that it started to cry , 0 Lord, I wanted to become more beautiful. In what way is this kind of outer form more beautiful?The cosmic god said, This is exactly what you asked for. You have become a camel.The horse cried, Oh no, I do not want to become a camell I wish to remain a horse. As a horse, everybody appreciated my good qualities. Nobody will appreciate me as a camel.The cosmic god said, Never try to achieve or receive more than I have given you. If you want to lead a desire-life, then at every moment you will want more and more. But you have no idea what the outcome will be. If you cry for a longer neck and legs, this is what will happen. Each thing in my creation has its own good qualities. The camel is not as beautiful as you are, but it carries heavy loads and has a tremendous sense of responsibility.

Recrutiment Strategies - Free Essay Example

RECRUITMENT STRATEGIES On the whole approach to recruitment for the hiring of thriving employees have got to be tightly planned, sound researched, open to flexible thinking and pursue a team approach. Keeping high standards will let the company to seek out and employ extremely skilled individuals who are proficient of joining the team of companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢sà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ joining with others in achieving the objectives of the organization. The HR team keeping this in mind, ought to be also vigilant to not make the requirements of hiring so authoritarian as to source apprehension amongst possible candidates source them to discard their application leaving the corporation with a much reduced `team up of candidates to pick from.[ Boxall, P. Purcell, J. (2008).] Prior to beginning the process of hiring, all interested parties must meet to appraise the details of the hiring process. This would comprise a HR representative, 1-2 representatives from the departme nt which is filling a vacancy and as several representatives from additional departments which will interface with the fresh hire. At the apex of the detailed needs must forever be the goals of organizations and how this place fits into these objectives. Next deliberation is a profound perceptive of the individuals dynamics within the structure of organizational. When a full perceptive of this constitution is voiced, it aids the hiring team in choosing amongst competent candidates. The fresh hire will be a team member which has beforehand instituted its motivation, and the fresh hire should fetch a like motivation to the place. The third deliberation would, of course, be the essential skills that they are looking for. Different fields of employment make use of diverse approaches when planning questions and interviewing individuals. For example Education would look for compassion, dedication, past examples of experiences of team building, creativity and innovation, to name a only some traits. Educators prefer a sustain structure that is in working and place, even though there are individuals in education who are keen to join a venture of educational in progress. Employing in education means looking to see if an individual is responsible for their part and do not need extra assistance in incorporating their ideas. A company looking to hire an engineer for a new overseas expansion might look for an adventurous spirit, while a company looking to hire an engineer for an established stateside project would look for stability and find qualified candidates who appreciate established structure in which to work. There is a wide variety of techniques needed for businesses who are hiring middle management, and different techniques for businesses which are hiring seasonal employees, and even additional diversity of techniques for businesses that are hiring CEOà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s or further upper management. Every level of hire for a business looks for extremely diverse character dispositions and traits, in addition to expertise and backgrounds. Another attribute a business search would be glancing for is flexibility particularly in our existing economy. They require being proficient to comprehend and merge with any expansion, downsizing, and fresh products that the corporation may engage in. Business looks for dilemma solvers. In contrast of the three fields (engineering, education and business), the committee of hiring have got to deem what the candidates themselves are glancing for. An educator is typically not interested in instituting school the environment, nevertheless wants keenly to be free to institute the classroom environment and needs to be acquainted with that their goals and ideas will incorporate with the goals of schools. An engineer glances for a place where there will be co-workers who will be accessible for discussions in relation to variety of phases of a project and who recognize his field of expertise in engineering. A bus iness hire classically looks for a concrete company with a great history of thriving innovation. They desire a company who remains stable while looking at a varying world and industry and constructing the essential adaptations. A clear vision and mission are notable to the majority business hires.[ Wilton, N (2011).] Hiring committees require to tender situations that the engineer or businessman can resolve. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“What would you doà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  is a huge beginning for seeing how they would move toward to solutions to ordinary challenges in the company. An educator must as well be presented with situational questions, however more of a individual skill level to a certain extent than an control or administrative level as the person, business or engineer may require to solve. An educator requires being capable to plainly communicate their training, ideas and goals in easily understood language. An educator needs to demonstrate how they function in team situations for edu cational environment improvement. Telling a potential hire that the school district is not going to be able to purchase textbooks for their area of teaching for three years and asking how they intend to deal with this shows how the educator thinks outside the box. Interviewers must listen for mature creative ideas so that they may know that the interviewee would probably use creative approaches in the classroom as well. Age and experience are two highly valuable traits in todayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s education market.[ Dunford, B., Snell, S., Wright, P. (2001).] In hiring a teacher to fill a vacancy a hiring committee should consist of not only those who are in the same field, but others who might interface with the teacher to provide collaborative approaches to realistic teaching. Have ideas that are actually being considered for a novel approach, and see what they have to say about such ideas. For example, if the Social Studies department and English department are looking to provi de real-world senior projects, and they want a mathematical or science element in these projects, ask the candidate how they would see themselves adding on to this type of project. Beyond the candidateà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s knowledge of their subject matter, ask them how they feel about teachers incorporating socialization into the education of children and if they do this in their classrooms. How important is it for teachers to teach socialization in a math class? I would recommend employing the educator. Education is an important position for genuine world skills. There is an enormous deal of willingness and creativity to be element of a range of actions and activities that structure any flexible employment situation. Recognizing when a change is essential is part and package of any teacherà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s training, adjustment is the majority essential skill that an educator or teacher have got to have. I recommend looking for an additional mature, skilled teacher to tender the position to, one who renders fresh ideas and is keen and eager to adjust to hardships and pioneering approaches. Budgets are rigid and hiring an experienced teacher may be additional expensive than a region can pay for, however in the long run will help the area in view of the fact that the successful candidate will almost certainly wear many hats, be on numerous and various committees and willingly provide more than is asked of them. They communicate evidently and briefly and are competent managers. They are extremely flexible and are well educated. References Boxall, P. Purcell, J. (2008). Strategy and Human Resource Management (Management, Work Organisations). 2nd edition. Palgrave Macmillan. Dunford, B., Snell, S., Wright, P. (2001). Human Resources and the Resource Based View of the Firm. Journal of Advanced Human Resource Studies (CAHRS). Pgs 3-29 Wilton, N (2011). An introduction to Human Resource Management. London: Sage Publication Ltd.

Essay about Banning Books in Schools - 1066 Words

School boards and teachers have a responsibility for protecting the minds of their students and covering age appropriate material. However, does this responsibility cover the extreme act of banning books from school classrooms? Does not the teacher have a duty to introduce to their students world issues in order to better the students ability to cope with problems in the world? How does a school decide which books should be banned from the classroom, and should it be left up to the teacher to decide what is decided in his/her classroom. By banning books from the classroom, we prevent our students from learning about controversial topics in a safe environment, and we also encroach upon the student’s freedom of reading what they want in†¦show more content†¦According to the American Library Association, the most common group of people, challenging a book being read in schools, was the parents of the students. Parents have a right to be in charge of what is put into the minds of their students, however just because one parent objects does not mean that the whole school should ban the book from the list. A solution for this book would be to enforce parental consent for books to be read in the classroom. If a parent does not want a book to be read in the classroom, then there should be other options for the student to read. The school and teacher should not trespass on a parent’s rights of raising their child. I believe that if a parent has a concern, they should go and discuss the problem with the teacher so that the teacher will be able to defend their reasoning for choosing the book to be read in the classroom. If a controversial book will be read in the classroom, it is the teacher’s responsibility to prepare the student for it. The teacher must ensure that the book is age-appropriate for the student, and is appropriate for the subject matter that the teacher is covering. Reading books such as Catcher in The Rye without discussion can be more harmful than helpful to a student. The Catcher in The Rye has obscene language, violence, occult practices, and sexual references (Doyle 2010). This book should only be read by a mature age group with aShow MoreRelatedBanning Books in Schools Essay983 Words   |  4 PagesThe practice of the censorship of books in schools has been prevalent due to the explicit content of them. Parents have been complaining to schools about books that count as required reading because they disapprove with the points made in the book. If a book consists of offensive or sexually explicit material, then parents would challenge the schools about them in order to pr event their children from reading them. Censorship in general has been an intensely debated issue because it is consideredRead MoreThe Banning of Certain Books in School Libraries/ Classrooms848 Words   |  4 Pages People read books about dystopians all the time, you know those books that have everything possible go wrong. Books like The Hunger games, or Fahrenheit 451, Ect. Some people look at them as just stories, just fictional books. Those books are all about censorship and having the government controlling and watching your every move. What most people dont realize is that there is censorship happening right now, every time you send a text or make a phone call, the government can see/hear itRead MoreBooks Like The Harry Potter Series, Go Ask Alice, Or The Hunger Games1417 Words   |  6 Pageswhat a banned book consist of, is it drugs, sex, racial issues, or witchcraft? The answer is it could be all of the above. Chances are, you have once read and maybe even decla red a banned book your favorite book. Books like the Harry Potter series, Go Ask Alice, or The Hunger Games series are all on the banned book list. These books are often removed from schools or public library shelves. â€Å"For many years, American schools have been pressured to restrict or deny students access to books or periodicalsRead MoreThe Controversy Around Banning Books889 Words   |  4 Pagesone, especially the banning of books. Many people believe they must protect themselves and others from the evils of many classic books and works of art because they can be deemed indecent in one way or another. Many believe that this is absurd and censorship in its current form is a violation of our First Amendment right to free speech. Personally, I align myself with the latter, however I do feel there are occasions where censorship is justifiable. The censorship of books is a division of censorshipRead More The Controversy Around Banning Books Essay852 Words   |  4 Pagesespeci ally the banning of books. Many people believe they must protect themselves and others from the quot;evilsquot; of many classic books and works of art because they can be deemed quot;indecentquot; in one way or another. Many believe that this is absurd and censorship in its current form is a violation of our First Amendment right to free speech. Personally, I align myself with the latter, however I do feel there are occasions where censorship is justifiable. The censorship of books is a divisionRead MoreBanning Personal Electronic Devices Is Not An Effective Way Of Stop Cyber Bullying997 Words   |  4 Pagesnumber. Recently WMCI has thought of banning personal electronic devices (cell phones, personal laptops etc.,) to combat this issue in our own school, but this ban is not a potent fix. There are many ways to help students from being cyber bullied, but banning personal electronic devices is not an effective way of stopping cyber bullying because cyber bullying can happen outside school, banning personal devices can also have bad effects on the reputation of the school or the academic freedom studentsRead MoreLiterature Be Banned1227 Words   |  5 Pages Literature shouldn’t be banned because literature inspires, advocates, unites, entertains, and informs. By banning books from the classroom, we prevent students from learning about controversial topics in a safe environment. The Menifee school district banned the dictionaries from the students because of one parents complaint. I believe this was a terrible idea because many students need a dictionary to look back at when they think they’re wrong. Dictionaries are helpful in many ways such as learningRead MoreBoard of Education v. Pico600 Words   |  3 Pagesissue of banning â€Å"vulgar and immoral† books from school libraries (Board of Education, Island). The Board of Education of the Island Trees Union Free School District No. 26, including Richard Ahrens (President of the Board of Education), Frank Martin (Vice President), Christina Fasulo, Patrick Hughes, Richard Melchers, Richard Michaels, and Louis Nessim (Board Members), presented the issue of banning books from the Island Trees High School and the Island Trees Memorial Junior High School, afterRead MoreEssay on Censorship - The Negative Consequences of Book Banning1501 Words   |  7 PagesThe Negative Consequences of Book Banning If you were to ask a teacher what they thought the most important source of knowledge was they would probably answer: reading. When I think back to every classroom I sat in at school, I remember at least one poster on the wall promoting reading. Throughout my school years, teachers have pounded into my head how important it is to read. In high school I had a list of books that I was required to read over my summer break so that I would continuouslyRead MoreThe Catcher In the Rye Should Not be Banned Essay789 Words   |  4 Pagesportrays the life of sixteen year old, Holden Caufield. Currently in psychiatric care, Holden recalls what happened to him last Christmas. At the beginning of his story, Holden is a student at Pencey Prep School. Having been expelled for failing four out of his five classes, Holden leaves school and spends 72-hours in New York City before returning home. There, Holden encounters new ideas, people, and experiences. Holdens psychological battle within himself serves as the tool that uncovers the

Starbucks Operations Management Essay - 1707 Words

Abstract Starbucks Coffee Company was founded in 1971 as a delicate coffee and tea vendor. In 1985, chairman and CEO Howard Schultz altered the business into what it is now - an international coffee brand manufactured on the wisdom of coffee, high-quality goods, and a desire for teaching customers about the values of coffees and teas. Today, Starbucks has expanded from its Seattle roots and markets imported coffee, fine teas, Italian style espresso, cold beverages, food products and coffee fixtures. It has created lifetime relationships with several coffee bean manufacturers and farmers and has linked a solid brand image to all of its 176,000 employees. It manages 17,000 stores in over 49 countries universally and has a durable brand†¦show more content†¦All locations are accessible for families with babies and/or physically challenged customers (â€Å"Oxbridge writers.†). The teams of architects that work for Starbucks are diligent in picking the right location and perfect b rand image for the business (â€Å"Oxbridge writers.†). The company’s retail store ranges in size, which spans from 1,000 to 1,500 square feet (â€Å"Oxbridge writers.†). Buildings, city centers, schools, and highly trafficked shopping areas are typically the locations of these stores (â€Å"Oxbridge writers.†). Starbucks has designed their stores as a place for relaxation (â€Å"Oxbridge writers.†). Customers are provided with the chance to talk with family or friends or simply enjoy a delicious cup of coffee (â€Å"Oxbridge writers.†). The company has marketed their business as a warm place that is open to the public (â€Å"Oxbridge writers.†). Hence, the facility layout is directed towards a fast and friendly coffee service (â€Å"Oxbridge writers.†). The stores are arranged in an appealing way to the customers (â€Å"Oxbridge writers.†). The arrangement projects a perfect place for a break to breathe (â€Å"Oxbridge writers.†). The stores provide a happy, comfortable, and positive atmosphere (â€Å"Oxbridge writers.†). This is displayed through the large leather seats, fireplaces, soft couches, andShow MoreRelatedStarbucks Operations Management1076 Words   |  5 PagesAssignment – Operations Management Company STARBUCKS These days Starbucks owns more than 18,000 stores in 62 countries and is the premier roaster and retailer of exclusive coffee in the world. Back in 1971, when the first Starbucks opened, the company already had two intentions to give to people every single day till now: share specialty coffee with friends and help to make the world a little better. In 1981, Howard Schultz, the chairman, president and chief executive officer of Starbucks, walkedRead MoreStarbucks Coffee Operation Management1661 Words   |  7 PagesThe Transformation Role of Operations Management: 3 Starbucks Coffee Hiratage: 3 Starbucks Coffee Mission: 4 Starbucks Supply Chain Objectives 5 Product quality, service reliability and management of operations at Starbucks 6 Introduction: Every business is managed through multiple business functions each responsible for managing certain aspects of the business. Operations management (OM) is the business functionRead MorePrinciples of Operations Management Chapter 1-2-32543 Words   |  11 Pagesend of this session. This was the step, a stimulus towards being a future Business person. And for which it was very vital for me to know how a business organization manages the various processes associated with its goods and services. As a future Operation Manager it’s my responsibility to be cognizant about the know-how of what exactly my roles would then be. I learnt that OM in simple terms is a collection of processes that helps creating a service or a good starting from its input phase givingRead MoreMgt3610 Baruch Outline2686 Words   |  11 PagesBaruch College Zicklin School of Business - Department of Management Dr. Jonatan Jelen COURSE INFORMATION SHEET MGT 3121 Fall 2011 Course Title: Service Operations Management Course Number: MGT 3121 (UFA – CRN 1077), Fr 6:05-9:00 p.m.; room VC 9-150 Name of Instructor: Dr. Jonatan Jelen Department: Management Phone: 917-340-8250 (use for emergencies only!) Office: TBA Office Hours: Fr 5-6 p.m. E-Mail: Jonatan_Jelen@baruch.cuny.edu Course Description (Catalogue):Read MoreEssay about Baker Week Three Assignment Completed 934 Words   |  4 PagesPhoenix Starbucks Coffee Company   Ã‚  Starbucks Coffee Company (Starbucks) has retained our consulting firm to advise them about current issues affecting their ability to optimize operations in today’s economy or changes needed to enhance operations management. This prospectus will identify those current issues related to operations management that are currently a challenge for Starbucks. For a company to remain competitive in today’s marketplace, a company’s management needs to provideRead MoreSQSM OM Starbucks1486 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Student Assignment Covering Form Course/Unit Information Course MBA-On line Unit No. Unit 11 Unit Name Strategic Quality and Systems Management Unit code H/602/2327 Batch E11-E41-SQSM1406 Instructor Information Name Dr. Indranil Bose Phone +971 55 9860258 Skype Email indranil@mywestford.com,indranil@westford.org.uk Assignment Information Full/ Part Assignment Part Assignment Date Assignment Issued 9-06-2014 Date Assignment Due Task-1: 24-06-2014 Student Information (To be filledRead MoreStarbucks International Operations1580 Words   |  7 PagesStarbucks International Operations Starbucks started to decide on expansion by about the mid 1990 s, when the market became saturated. Market saturation is when a company or firm has covered an area so thoroughly with its presence, that it can no longer experience growth. Because of the market saturation, there were declining sales throughout stores. The company s original marketing strategy was to blanket a region with new stores. The idea behind this was to reduce a customer s wait inRead MoreStarbucks International Operations1258 Words   |  6 PagesStrategic Management Dr. Mernoush Banton Statement of Academic Integrity: I certify that: 1. I prepared this document specifically for this class; 2. I am the author of this document; 3. I am fully disclosing and giving proper credit to any outside assistance received in its preparation; 4. I cited sources of information (e.g., data, ideas, charts, etc.) and used this material to support this document. Case Study 5: Starbucks International Operations 1. World wide operations of Starbucks Read MoreOperations Management Report . . Module Title: Operations900 Words   |  4 Pages Operations Management Report Module Title: Operations Management Module Number: BS2108 Module Coordinator: Peter Atorough Word Count: Student Name: Ipek Budak Student Number: 1404100 â€Æ' Executive Summary This report will examine the â€Æ' Contents 1. Introduction 2. Analysis and Discussion of Strategic Business Focus 2.1. Input – Transformation – Output Model 2.2. Five Operations Performance Objectives 3. Identification and Discussion of Operation Processes 3.1. Inputs 3Read MoreValue Chain Analysis (Starbucks)1064 Words   |  5 PagesValue Chain Analysis (Starbucks) Primary Activities: †¢ Inbound Logistic: Starbucks had its agents travelled regularly to coffee – growing countries to establish relationship with growers and distributors. In sourcing green coffee beans, it was increasingly dealing directly with farmer. It normally offered high prices to ensure that the poor small coffee growers have enough money to cover their production cost and for their families. To buy coffee beans, Starbucks used fixed price purchase

Gladiator Essay - 763 Words

Gladiator Ridley Scott is an expert at fabricating highly visual motion pictures with energetic, radiant stories. Blade Runner and Alien dazzled the viewers with high tech action and suspense. Now the roman epic Gladiator vividly captures the time period and atmosphere in which its characters inhabit. With a star line up of actors (including Joaquin Phoenix - Clay Pigeons, To Die For, Connie Nielsen - Devils Advocate, Mission to Mars) playing the smaller parts of the film, it was destined to be in the category for all time great film. The Main Character is a one general Maximus who is played by Russell Crowe, who has stared in films such as Insider and LA Confidential†¦show more content†¦When Maximus goes home to find his wife and child hanged. The music in that scene makes its 4 times as dramatic, then it would have been if there was no music at all. At the beginning of the film its starts with Maximus walking through long grass towards a wooden door. After he finds his wife and child, it is the first time since the beginning that we see this flashback again. This special effect is crucial for the film. As it now shows that Maximus has only one aspire, to get to the door and be re-united with his family. Maximus is taken in to be a slave. There is big change between the costumes worn by the glorious Roman Army and the slaves. Maximus now has to change from being a general and killing for his empire, to now killing just to stay alive. The sound effects is great the chinking of the chains, and the coming together of blood thirst swords, and not forgetting the cries of pain and death. As the fight finishes Maximus is left standing in the middle of the stage of death the camera starts to move around Maximus and concentrates of the crowd. This is an important effect because it shows that if Maximus wants to stay alive then he would have to please to the crowd to win them over. With Maximus creating havoc at the minor events in the smaller villages, Maximus and the rest ofShow MoreRelatedThe True Nature Of The Gladiators966 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Gladiators have long been regarded as entertainers performing spectacles of great violence for an avid audience. Many scholars debate whether the gladiators could be considered athletes due to the stark differences between the Greek athletes of the Olympics and the Roman gladiators of the arena. There are many myths surrounding the gladiators. Most people think that the gladiators were savage and would fight each other to the death every time they entered the arena. Many people are alsoRead MoreEssay about Gladiator441 Words   |  2 Pages Gladiator Directed by Ridley Scott, Gladiator is an epic tale of honor, love, loyalty and power. If you could only see two movies a year make Gladiator one of them. It is full of action, adventure, drama, deceit and love. Russell Crowe plays the Roman General, Maximus, who heads the Roman Army in their conquers of Europe and Africa under the emperor Marcus Aurelius. Maximus has served Rome for â€Å" two years, 264 days and this morning,† and is anxiously awaiting his release byRead MoreImportance Of Gladiators811 Words   |  4 PagesHistorically, gladiator battles were a very complicated issue. This is because most people think that the gladiator battles were completely fair. However they weren’t. This topic is misguided because no one thinks about how the gladiators were chosen, the equipment they used, and finally how the audience influenced whether they died or not. Gladiator battles were unfair because the gladiators didn’t have a choice. 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That’s why I chos e to do my review on it and I came to find out that the movie didn’t give me the information on the real life and times of the gladiators. In the movie, after the death of the emperor, MaximusRead MoreGladiator, by Ridley Scott1120 Words   |  5 Pagesone film that stands out among the rest has to be Gladiator. Gladiator can be argued as one of the greatest action movies of all time, and for good reasons. The soundtrack, dialogue, and characters have no equal in the revenge action category of film, and can be considered tops of pure action films. Gladiator is a perfectly well rounded movie that adds the best of all worlds to create the masterpiece seen today. Ridley Scott’s masterpiece, Gladiator, was released to the public in 2000. Received withRead MoreReview of the Gladiator Essay1681 Words   |  7 PagesReview of the Gladiator At start of the film the shots are close up to the Robin seating on the branch. A Robin has connotations of winter and morning, as this is the time when the Robins usually come out and bird is a symbol of freedom. We then return to the shot

Moral Development Quantifying Ones Life Today Essay

Essays on Moral Development: Quantifying One's Life Today Essay The paper "Moral Development: Quantifying One's Life Today" is an outstanding example of an essay on sociology.  Moral development focusses on the ability of a person to differentiate wrong actions from good actions. Through moral development, humans develop the capacity to avoid wrong and always be on the right path by doing what is required of them. Since my childhood, there are people who have had a huge impact on my moral development. They include my parents, siblings, as well as friends. My moral development mostly took place when I was adolescence, which is a turbulent period with many challenges. My parents and siblings played a crucial role in teaching me the important virtues that shape morality in life. One of the crucial virtues that I learned from my siblings and parents is honesty. They taught me to be always honest in my undertakings and this has significantly helped me and shaped my success in life (Killen and Smetana 378).My friends have also played a significant ro le in my moral development; it is through friends that I have come to learn about principles such as trust and commitment. Friends have taught me to be always confident of myself and gain trust with myself. As a result, I have managed to relate well with other people. Moreover, trust has been instrumental in helping me make career choices. When growing up, my parents taught me problem-solving skills, and this enabled me to gain the ability to solve conflicts. At times, I faced challenges with solving disagreements between my siblings, but with the virtues instilled in me by my parents, I always succeeded in coming up with sound solutions to such conflicts. Thus, I can confidently that my parents, siblings, and friends have immensely contributed to my moral development (Killen and Smetana 378).The three individuals that have had the most influence on my life include my mother, father, and mentor. Like any other young person, I experienced an identity crisis during my adolescence and this made me rub shoulders with my parents. I was often scolded for my actions; however, my mum and dad did not give up on me, but rather worked hard to ensure that I was on the right track. My mentor, who was my teacher, also influenced my life significantly. He taught me the virtue of respect to my elders and through his invaluable advice, the conflicts with my parents gradually declined. He taught me the importance of education and why I ought to put a lot of effort into my studies. Today, I can proudly say that these three people have made me who I am today.My biggest cheerleader is a close friend of mine, whom we have been friends for a number of years. I consider him a cheerleader because I attend many functions with him and whenever we are a group of friends, he always speaks on our behalf. He is a friend I like very much and spend most of my time with him. A person I can call in the night to come and help me is my brother. He stays just a few meters away from where I stay an d can avail himself anytime I have an issue that requires immediate attention.

It’S Said That The Universe Will Tend To Move Toward A

It’s said that the universe will tend to move toward a state with a higher entropy. Every gas molecules will spontaneously diffuse to fill a container which will increase the overall entropy of the universe. Evolution is then can be thought to follow this same basic principle. Nature has given every species living in it an indefinite amount of time which allows them to evolve. Ergo, for over three billion years, some of the single cell organisms had been successfully evolving into the numerous multicellular organisms that we know of today, us included; and some, who were not able to improve within the given time, would be exterminated (Darwin 120). But, what is it that she has been eager to see through this long-lasting experiment of†¦show more content†¦Although this is not a closed circuit, some energy is dissipated, some is added; but it is a sustained circuit (Leopold 43). This similar instance was also explained in Darwin’s theory as the struggle for life for every species. In Darwinian theory, the struggle for life does not only represent the species’ struggle to survive, but it also reflected on the idea that each individual is interdependent with one another. A mistletoe seedling, for example, is said to struggle with each other if they grow close to one another. And if a â€Å"mistletoes is disseminated by birds, its existence [now] depends on birds† (Darwin 109). The struggle for existence that Darwin explain is then similar to the flow of energy explained by Leopold. The seed that is disseminated by birds becomes the container for the transfer of the energy from the sun. That energy would then be dissipated as work for the bird to fly from one place to another, if not the energy would be transferred to yet another organism. Thus, this seems as if evolution acts on every species with the thought of a certain ethics that the species must followed which formed a strict system. 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Global Marketing Strategy of Apple Inc. Get Free Solution

Question: 1. Describe about the Apples global marketing strategies in terms of developing the competitive edge and sustainability strategies? 2. What should Tim Cook extrapolate, and why? 3. Please address John Tarpeys concerns? Answer: 1. In the globalised world, Apple Inc is one of the major telecommunication provider brand. Apple is offering their product users in obtaining best possible experience. Apple is empowering customers demands their innovative products and services. Apple Inc is facing intense challenge from the global competitors like Blackberry, Samsung, HP, Nokia, Microsoft, HTC, Lenovo and Motorola. Mainly Apple Inc is offering global customers with hardware, software, and peripherals regarding the telecommunication and computing devices via online shopping channels from the year 2010-11. The organisation is having high brand value (Apple.com, 2015). In addition, Apple Inc is offering post sales services and internet policies for the global customers. In addition, in the post-recessional market, people are looking for technological advantage for meeting daily actions and lifestyle related action strategies. Business strategy of Apple is emphasising on the design and features of operating systems tha t are used and self developed for mobile or cellular devices like I-Phone, I-Pad and many other Apple Mac Book by the year 2008-09. These are all Apples operative policies. On the contrary, Increasing IT market competition is limiting the share of the market. Therefore, marketing and advertising campaigns are required to be modified in terms of managing customers attraction and perception. Apple Inc is proving to have the capabilities of developing positive brand awareness among the global customers. The logo of Apple is playing a vital role in creating stronger demand of products in UK other global markets. Apple is incurring the annual advertising budget of more than $1 billion during the years of 2013 and 2014. They are promoting products rapidly to meet the competition from Samsung Electronics, Google, Microsoft, and Dell who are mainly the leader of IT industry (Apple.com, 2015). 2. Tim Cook being the CEO of Apple Inc must be aware of the market state as well as developing certain competitive strategies that will increase the rate of market share and profitability. In addition, he is supposed to manage the threat of Samsung Electronics, IBM, Dell, Google, HTC, Microsoft, Motorola, LG, Hewlett-Packard Company in terms of mobile or computing devices. Apart from this apple is also facing the challenge from the Lenovo, Sony, Blackberry, and many other regional organisations. Therefore, he must be employing proper policy of marketing and promotion in meeting the challenges from the market. However, he will face certain complexity of selecting viable channel in meeting the market attributes. Moreover, he will faces the complexity of image related problem that Steve Jobs have on the customers and after his death Tim Cook will face an uncertainty among the peoples. Therefore, he bmust be involving the brand value by producing more fault free Apple products. Tim Cook must be employing proper strategies in terms of managing threat of competitions, economical sustainability and managing technological development. Apple is facing intense level of competition that is hampering the growth in technology markets (Viju, Yeung Kerr, 2013). Tim Cook must be developing research and development related strategies to develop products as per customers demands and perception. In addition, products pricing strategies must be concentrating on the financial and purchasing power of the customers. Mainly, Apple is offering luxury products and marketing policy must be designed in obtaining feasible competitive proportion. However, market analysis is providing certain faulty reports in the products like iPod and Apple Mac operating systems. Therefore, CEO Tim Cook must be developing certain strategies to mitigate the faults and develop the products to attract customers more. Distribution policy of Apple must be developed in certain manner that they can reach more customers (Apple.com, 2015). 3. John Tarpey, senior financial analyst of Apple, has some serious concerns about the financial growth of company. Tarpey implemented a comprehensive analysis of the 2010 financial performance and strategic strategies of Apple Inc. He was concerned about how Apples performance continued to be outstanding, while the world and US economy was falt to negative. He soughed answers to the question that if Apple could sustain this high level of performance and major innovation. Tarpey noted that there were nine positive Increases versus three negative ones and that Apple need to take some solid steps to outweigh the negative effects of 2009 world-wide crisis. He was also concerned about the important supply as well as pricing risks of company while achieving an outstanding economical growth in even negative and flat fiscal conditions. After analyzing Apples most recent balance sheets and Income statements and integrating that information with his knowledge of the company, Tarpey was unsure if he should tell his customers to buy, hold, or sell Apples common stock. Apples stock price had done very well over the past few years and the company was still the leader of the industry and a solid performer. However, Tarpey had a number of concerns about the companys future. For example, how dependent was Apple on Steve Jobs and how long would it take for Apples competitors to catch up with the companys lead in product development and perhaps even surpass Apple? It is essential that Apple continue to grow to remain a strong competitor in the industry. Tarpey should advice shareholders to hold their current stocks. If company continues to grow, shareholders would Increase in value. Tarpey outlined concerns in the Zero based economy or the world-wide crisis faced by leading technology provider like Apple. He was also concerned about stakeholders. In addition, he is also concerned for index pricing risks of company while achieving an outstanding economical growth in even negative and flat fiscal conditions (Apple.com, 2015). It is essential that Apple continues to grow to remain a strong competitor in the industry. Tarpey is facing the complexity in terms of advising shareholders to hold or sell their current stocks. However, Apples continues to grow and accordingly shareholders can Increase the values of their stock (Apple.com, 2015). In addition, global sales of the apple products are reducing due to competition therefore stakeholders are confused regarding dividend payout and liquidity of the organisation. As well as Tarpey is concerned about the prospective fall in sales after death of Steve Jobs who is mainly the face or image of Apple group of companies. In addition, it is observed that the Apple is earning growth in the sales and profitability during the year 2008 to 2010 so Apple is able to cope up with financial crisis related challenges. References: Hoffmann, A. (2014). Zero-interest Rate Policy and Unintended Consequences in Emerging Markets. The World Economy, 37(10), pp.1367-1387. Viju, C., Yeung, M. Kerr, W. (2013). Zero Tolerance for GM Flax and the Rules of Trade. The World Economy, 37(1), pp.137-150. Moustafa H. A., Hitesh , J. A., et al. (2011), Apple Inc.: Performance in a Zero-Sum World Economy, General Issues in Strategic Management, 7(4), pp- 1-15. Apple.com, (2015). Apple (United Kingdom) - Apple Press Info. [online] Available at: https://www.apple.com/uk/pr/ [Accessed 13 Feb. 2015]. Apple.com, (2015). Apple (United Kingdom) - Apple Press Info - Apple Reports Fourth Quarter Results. [online] Available at: https://www.apple.com/uk/pr/library/2014/10/20Apple-Reports-Fourth-Quarter-Results.html [Accessed 13 Feb. 2015]. Apple.com, (2015). Apple (United Kingdom) - Apple Press Info - Product Images Info. [online] Available at: https://www.apple.com/uk/pr/products/ [Accessed 13 Feb. 2015]. Apple.com, (2015). Apple (United Kingdom) - Apple Press Info - App Store Sales Top $10 Billion in 2013. [online] Available at: https://www.apple.com/uk/pr/library/2014/01/07App-Store-Sales-Top-10-Billion-in-2013.html [Accessed 13 Feb. 2015].

Comentario de Textos Essay Example For Students

Comentario de Textos Essay La perseverancia de Marcial al mantenerse fiel a sus ideales  «Seà ±or Marcial -dijo à ©sta con redoblado furor: -si quiere usted ir a la escuadra a que le den la à ºltima mano, puede embarcar cuando quiera; pero lo que es este no irà ¡. -Bueno -contestà ³ el marinero, que se habà ­a sentado en el borde de una silla, ocupando sà ³lo el espacio necesario para sostenerse-: irà © yo solo. El demonio me lleve, si me quedo sin echar el catalejo a la fiesta. » Despuà ©s aà ±adià ³ con expresià ³n de jà ºbilo:  «Tenemos quince navà ­os, y los francesitos veinticinco barcos. Si todos fueran nuestros, no era preciso tanto  ¡Cuarenta buques y mucho corazà ³n embarcado! » Como se comunica el fuego de una mecha a otra que està ¡ cercana, asà ­ el entusiasmo que irradià ³ del ojo de Marcial encendià ³ los dos, ya por la edad amortiguados, de mi buen amo.  «Pero el Seà ±orito -continuà ³ Medio-hombre-, traerà ¡ muchos tambià ©n. Asà ­ me gustan a mà ­ las funciones: mucha madera donde mandar balas, y mucho jumo de pà ³lvora que caliente el aire cuando hace frà ­o. » Se me habà ­a olvidado decir que Marcial, como casi todos los marinos, usaba un vocabulario formado por los mà ¡s peregrinos terminachos, pues es costumbre en la gente de mar de todos los paà ­ses desfigurar la lengua patria hasta convertirla en caricatura. Observando la mayor parte de las voces usadas por los navegantes, se ve que son simplemente corruptelas de las palabras mà ¡s comunes, adaptadas a su temperamento arrebatado y enà ©rgico, siempre propenso a abreviar todas las funciones de la vida, y especialmente el lenguaje. Oyà ©ndoles hablar, me ha parecido a veces que la lengua es un à ³rgano que les estorba.† El fragmento a tratar pertenece a la obra Trafalgar, escrita por Benito Pà ©rez Galdà ³s, quien nacià ³ en Espaà ±a en el aà ±o 1843. Él es considerado el mayor representante de la novela realista del siglo XIX. Esta obra pertenece al gà ©nero narrativo y nos narra los sucesos que acontecieron en la batalla de Trafalgar. Este fragmento està ¡ ubicado al inicio del cuarto capà ­tulo de la obra. El fragmento narra la discusià ³n entre Marcial y doà ±a Francisca respecto a la decisià ³n ir a la guerra a presenciar la batalla de Trafalgar. Las palabras de Marcial entusiasmaron a don Alonso a seguirle en esta aventura. El aspecto escogido es la perseverancia, que es la â€Å"Constancia en la virtud y en mantener la gracia hasta la muerte†. Es importante seà ±alar que Marcial mantuvo firme su resolucià ³n de ir a la guerra y no permitià ³ que doà ±a Francisca le hiciera cambiar de parecer. Por estos motivos es pertinente el tema elegido: â€Å"La perseverancia de Marcial al mantenerse fiel a sus ideales†. El fragmento està ¡ dividido en tres partes: la firmeza de Marcial al no cambiar su resolucià ³n, la fidelidad de Marcial hacia su patria y la Armada Espaà ±ola, y el entusiasmo de los ancianos de ir a la guerra. Existe tambià ©n un à ºltimo pà ¡rrafo que no està ¡ ligado al tema del fragmento, sino que sirve como un pà ¡rrafo aclaratorio el cual nos habla sobre la deformacià ³n de la lengua (espaà ±ola) por parte de los marineros. El primer apartado trata sobre la firmeza de Marcial al no cambiar su resolucià ³n y va de la là ­nea 1 a la là ­nea 4. Esta primera parte del fragmento trata sobre una discusià ³n entre doà ±a Francisca y Marcial respecto a la resolucià ³n de à ©ste de ir a la guerra. En esa discusià ³n ella toma una posicià ³n negativa, frente a la decisià ³n de Marcial, y prohà ­be a su esposo, don Alonso, que le acompaà ±e en esta aventura. Es importante seà ±alar que doà ±a Francisca toma una postura negativa debido a que ella siente un gran miedo a que su marido vaya a la guerra y nunca mà ¡s regrese. Esta postura es comprensible debido a que ella ama a don Alonso y teme que à ©l muera en combate. Por otro lado, Marcial mantiene una postura firme y optimista respecto a su ida a la guerra y establece que preferirà ­a arriesgar su propia vida antes que faltar a la gran batalla. Se entiende que Marcial actà ºe de esta manera debido a que el siempre fue un gran marinero y tiene un gran sentido de patriotismo en su anciano corazà ³n. Finalmente doà ±a Francisca resuelve que si Marcial desea ir a la guerra nadie se lo impedirà ­a, pero que su marido no irà ­a junto a à ©l. El autor expresa estas ideas mediante el uso de algunas figuras literarias. En primer lugar se puede apreciar un epà ­teto, en la primera là ­nea, que expresa la ferocidad de la discusià ³n entre Marcial y doà ±a Francisca, al atribuir el adjetivo â€Å"redoblado† al sustantivo â€Å"fulgor†. Tambià ©n se puede apreciar una metonimia cuando doà ±a Francisca le dice que es de gran peligro ir a la guerra, al nombrar el sustantivo â€Å"muerte† mediante la expresià ³n â€Å"le den la à ºltima mano†, los cuales tienen una relacià ³n de sucesià ³n. Por à ºltimo se puede apreciar una imprecacià ³n cuando Marcial dirige una maldicià ³n a si mismo, al decir que à ©l irà ­a a la guerra aunque fuera su à ºltimo accià ³n, al decir â€Å"el demonio me l leve, si me quedo sin echar el catalejo a la fiesta†. .u61cc8463803276faabaa84d20a7e5a6f , .u61cc8463803276faabaa84d20a7e5a6f .postImageUrl , .u61cc8463803276faabaa84d20a7e5a6f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u61cc8463803276faabaa84d20a7e5a6f , .u61cc8463803276faabaa84d20a7e5a6f:hover , .u61cc8463803276faabaa84d20a7e5a6f:visited , .u61cc8463803276faabaa84d20a7e5a6f:active { border:0!important; } .u61cc8463803276faabaa84d20a7e5a6f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u61cc8463803276faabaa84d20a7e5a6f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u61cc8463803276faabaa84d20a7e5a6f:active , .u61cc8463803276faabaa84d20a7e5a6f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u61cc8463803276faabaa84d20a7e5a6f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u61cc8463803276faabaa84d20a7e5a6f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u61cc8463803276faabaa84d20a7e5a6f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u61cc8463803276faabaa84d20a7e5a6f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u61cc8463803276faabaa84d20a7e5a6f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u61cc8463803276faabaa84d20a7e5a6f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u61cc8463803276faabaa84d20a7e5a6f .u61cc8463803276faabaa84d20a7e5a6f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u61cc8463803276faabaa84d20a7e5a6f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Hawaii, with an area of 28,313 sq. km (10,932 sq. EssayEl segundo apartado habla sobre la fidelidad de Marcial hacia su patria y la Armada Espaà ±ola y va de la là ­nea 5 a la là ­nea 7. En esta segunda parte del fragmento Marcial expresa su confianza y su fidelidad hacia la fuerza marà ­tima de Espaà ±a, y tambià ©n expresa el desprecio que el siente hacia las tropas francesas. Tambià ©n es importante resaltar la fidelidad de Marcial hacia la decisià ³n que à ©l tomà ³ al seguir hablando sobre la guerra. Para expresar estas ideas el autor utiliza la exclamacià ³n, al expresar un sentimiento exaltado frente al nà ºmero de buques que pertenecen a la armada combi nada y a su seguridad de alcanzar la victoria en la batalla. Tambià ©n se puede apreciar la utilizacià ³n de una sinà ©cdoque para nombrar a los tripulantes de los navà ­os, al nombrar el sustantivo â€Å"hombres† con el sustantivo â€Å"corazà ³n†, debido a su relacià ³n de coexistencia. El tercer apartado habla sobre el entusiasmo de los ancianos de ir a la guerra y va desde la là ­nea 8 hasta la là ­nea 11. Esta parte del fragmento trata sobre la alegrà ­a infundida en el alma de los ancianos y el entusiasmo de ellos al pensar en la gloria de las batallas. Se puede apreciar que Marcial y don Alonso, aunque ancianos, tienen un espà ­ritu juvenil en su interior, listo para ir al combate. Es comprensible esta reaccià ³n en los ancianos ya que muchas veces las personas sienten alegrà ­a o un gran impulso por hacer algo que aà ±oran, sin importar la edad o la fuerza de su cuerpo. Marcial expresa tambià ©n su confianza en que ellos saldrà ¡n victoriosos de ese encuentro. Para expresar estas ideas el autor utiliza un sà ­mil al comparar el sustantivo â€Å"entusiasmo† con el sustantivo â€Å"fuego†, mediante el nexo â€Å"como†, es decir compara la forma en que se contagia una llama, con la forma en que se contagia el entusiasmo en la mirada de Marcial y don Alonso. El autor recurre tambià ©n a la antonomasia al llamar al comandante de la armada inglesa, Nelson, con el sustantivo â€Å"Seà ±orito†, cuando hace referencia a la inferioridad de à ©stos frente a los espaà ±oles. Por à ºltimo se puede resaltar la utilizacià ³n de una metonimia, cuando habla sobre la destruccià ³n de los navà ­os ingleses, al nombrar el sustantivo â€Å"barcos† con el sustantivo â€Å"madera†, con el cual tiene una relacià ³n de sucesià ³n. El apartado final trata sobre la deformacià ³n de la lengua (espaà ±ola) por parte de los marineros y va desde la là ­nea 12 hasta la 17. Esta parte del fragmento no tiene relacià ³n al tema planteado, debido a que no es mà ¡s que un pà ¡rrafo aclaratorio, que sirve de parà ©ntesis para explicar sobre el vocabulario vulgar utilizado por los marineros. Que este pà ¡rrafo no està © ligado al tema no lo hace menos importante que los demà ¡s, por eso es necesario hacer un anà ¡lisis de à ©ste. En este pà ¡rrafo el autor expresa la forma en la que los marineros van deformando su lengua hasta llegar al punto de crear nuevas palabras, las cuales con el pasar del tiempo se convierten en palabras de la jerga de las personas. Para expresar estas ideas el autor utiliza un epà ­teto cuando habla sobre los tà ©rminos utilizados en el vocabulario de la gente del mar, al atribuir el adjetivo â€Å"peregrinos† al sustantivo â€Å"terminachos†. Se puede apreciar otro epà ­teto al hablar sobre la forma de ser de los marineros al atribuir al sustantivo â€Å"temperamento†, los adjetivos â€Å"arrebatado y enà ©rgico†. Finalmente se puede resaltar una sinestesia cuando el autor dice que Gabriel podà ­a ver sonidos, mediante el verbo â€Å"observar† y al sustantivo â€Å"voces†. La perseverancia de Marcial es una parte fundamental del fragmento ya que es por esta cualidad, de Marcial, que finalmente à ©l, don Alonso y Gabriel parten hacia la guerra de Trafalgar para presenciar el gran combate marà ­timo. A lo largo de todo nuestro texto se ve como Marcial persevera con sus ideales de patriotismo y declara que Espaà ±a es superior a su aliado, Francia, y a su enemigo, Inglaterra; en el à ¡mbito naval y en su unidad territorial. Es importante resaltar tambià ©n la aparicià ³n de un à ºltimo pà ¡rrafo que no està ¡ unido al resto del texto, pero que de igual manera, es de suma importancia para el comentario de el texto. El texto resulta agradable gracias a la unià ³n de los temas histà ³ricos con la gran capacidad creadora de Benito Pà ©rez Galdà ³s. Tambià ©n cabe mencionar que el uso de los recursos literarios marca de gran manera la obra y da un sentido mà ¡s poà ©tico a à ©sta. Finalmente esta virtud de Marcial nos demuestra que si una pers ona persevera y se mantiene fiel a sus ideales, siempre va a alcanzar sus objetivos.

Sample High School Compare Contrast Essay - How to Write One

Sample High School Compare Contrast Essay - How to Write OneSample High School Compare Contrast Essay can help you to discover the reasons why people like to do a High School Compare Contrasting essay. This is so that you can be able to utilize it in your own school-based writing assignments. The essay may not be as difficult as you think, and you will find that once you take the time to read it and analyze it carefully, it will only become easier.In order to accomplish this particular task, there are two parts to a High School Compare Contrasting essay. One part is used to describe the opinions of the students of one school compared to those of another school. The other part is used to describe how each student believes their school is better than the other schools. You can choose which part you want to write about.The first part will include any information that the student's opinions contain regarding their school. For example, the following would all come under this section: 'Dur ing the Spring of 2020, I participated in a mock test at my high school. Here are some of the scores: By contrast, the actual standardized test scores at my real high school were: ACT Average 25.6; SAT Average 27.5; and WISC Average 21.6. My scores were obviously much higher than what they should have been. The reason is simple: The school I went to have good teachers, and a more nurturing environment.'In this case, the student was able to place his or her opinions in terms of other schools. This allows them to express something about the other schools and how the teacher's help, as well as other students, made the difference in their scores. They're able to state that the school where they went to be beneficial, and how they were able to learn from that school. When writing this portion, make sure that you use specific examples.To further make this portion easier to understand, try to explain the examples you use by using an example sentence. Examples in this example will help you to explain exactly what the student is trying to say.Next, to describe how a student's opinion about the schools is better than other students' opinions, you will need to do a few things. First, you need to briefly explain how each of the students thinks their school is better. To do this, list the things that are good about the other schools. Then mention any negatives about these schools.Finally, if you think it's necessary, add in a couple of paragraphs that discuss the pros and cons of each school. Keep in mind that while it's difficult to compare schools, writing a High School Compare Contrasting essay requires this very specific skill set. Take your time to get this right, and then enjoy your new, improved High School Compares Contrasting essay.

Aztec and Empire Raised

Aztec and Empire Raised Aztec and Empire Raised-field Agriculture Essay 1. Ancient Americas (Pre-columbian) Mesoamerica Agriculture: Cultivation of cacao Chocolate used by elite as money and to consume (with water not milk, no cattle) Corn-meal (mixtamal) Only place that used corn meal Use of the planting stick (coa) Z Raised field lake argo (chinampas) Cultural practices Ball game Didn’t have the same language or religion (this was their similarity) Construction of multiplatform pyramids Calendar 18 20-day months +5 days, combined with 260 day ritual calendar Forms a 52 year cycle Olmecs Early Village life, around 2000 BC Olmec culture flourished 1200 BC to around 500BC Are they the origin of Mesoamerican culture? Tiwanaku Settled around 1000BC Flourished 400-1000AD First Major kingdoms Developed the ideas that the kings associated with the sun and they wanted their own land First major Andean Empire Raised-Field Agriculture Imperial colonization and Evangelization Built things out of rock therefore it lasts and tells us about how they lived and what they did 2. Aztec Empire (Pre-Columbian) classic maya and teotihuacan were there a 1000years before texcoco Aztecs and tlalcopn Founding of Tenochtitln 1200: Mexica arrive in Valley of Mexico ca. 1200 1345: Teno. was founded Tenochtitlan was in the very center of where Mexico City is now 1428: Founding of triple alliance; defeat of Atzcapotzalco 1428-1440: Reconquest of Valley of Mà ©xico A Religion of Empire? Cyclic understanding of times: months, years, â€Å"suns† Use of human sacrifice associated with Huitzilopochtli cult Aztec imperialism and religion therefore closely related Aztec Social Structure Tecuhtli: political and military leaders, judges Warrior: initially, a social group open to new members; perhaps not by 1500 Pilli(administrators) and priests: mainly inherited, but also attainable through education Macehualtà ­n (commoners), pochteca(merchants), and craftspersons Tlatlacotà ­n (slaves) 1519: An Empire in Decline? End of â€Å"productive† conquest Lack of social mobility Resentment of conquered peoples 3. Atlantic Slave Trade (Colonial) Labor and Colonialism 1600s-1740s: Colonial American economies already based on export: silver, sugar, cacao, dyes 1700s onward: Industrial revolution creates demand for raw materials and portable, urban calories 1740s to 1850s: Sugar, rum, molasses, coffee, cotton†¦ SO WHO WILL DO THE WORK Relationship to sugar and coffee estates, especially in Brazil Triangle of Trade around 1800 Manufactured goods from Euro to W. Africa Slaves from W. Africa to Brazil, US, Caribbean Sugar, tobacco, cotton, molasses, coffee from Brazil, Caribbean, US to Europe (and slaves from Caribbean to US) Historical Effects of Slavery & Plantation Society(FROM BRAZIL PPOINT) â€Å"Use it up mentality†: Destruction of Atlantic Forest to make way for coffee plantations Econ based on export ag (Sugar, coffee, rubber) until 1950s: Boom & Bust Economic and education inequality largely based on race Social impacts Mixed mode of production, monoculture, and colonialism/neo-colonialism 4. Brazilian Empire (Independence-Era) 5th largest country and 5th most populous (170 million) President Dilma Rousseff Pre Conquest Brazil Human habitation since ancient times: 500k at conquest, thousands of tribes Large parts of Amazon had been settled by 1500 Black soils: anthropogenic enhancement of the land Discovery and Colonization Discovered 1500 by Pedro lvares Cabral en route to India Initially used for Brazilwood and other extraction Sugar became main product by 1550 Independence & Empire 1807: Napoleon invades Portugal (court escapes to Braz.) 1822: Regent dom Pedro I remains in Braz when most of court returns to Europe Braz ruled as an empire until 1889 End of Empire 1889: Emperor dom Pedro II abdicates; establishment of oligarchic republic 5. Caste System (Colonial) Unequal social structure based on race Castas- indigenious, black,

Indefatigable

Indefatigable Indefatigable Indefatigable By Maeve Maddox A reader asks about the words fatigable, defatigable, and indefatigable: Indefatigable apparently is of the same/identical meaning [as defatigable]. Then why is the in used as a prefix of defatigable, when in is generally used to invert the meaning, as in incorrigible (antonym of corrigible)? The reader says that he understands fatigable to refer to a person â€Å"who can be fatigued† and defatigable to a person â€Å"who can be treated for exhaustion.† The reader has misunderstood the meaning of de- in indefatigable. Note: The pronunciation of indefatigable is IN-duh-FAT-i-guh-buhl. Fatigable and defatigable mean the same thing. They have Latin equivalents: fatigare verb: to weary, tire, fatigue. fatigatio noun: weariness, fatigue. defatigare verb: to weary, fatigue, tire. defatigatio noun: exhaustion, weariness, fatigue. The Latin prefix de- is used with more than one meaning. One of these meanings, in both Latin and in English, is this: de- (prefix): down to the bottom, completely, thoroughly. Both fatigable and defatigable connote weariness, but the weariness expressed by defatigable is total exhaustion. Latin also has source words for the form indefatigable: indefatigabilis adjective: untiring indefatigatus adjective: not tired A Google search produces about 22,000 results for defatigable, 114,000 for fatigable, and 708,000 for indefatigable. The Ngram Viewer shows a marked decline in the use of indefatigable in recent decades. Here are recent examples of the use of indefatigable on the Web: Indefatigable drive and charisma have made Maura Healey the states attorney general and the  one to watch in Massachusetts politics.   To some, millennials- those urban-dwelling, ride-sharing indefatigable social networkers- are engaged, upbeat and open to change. To others, they are narcissistic, lazy and self-centered. The marigolds are  indefatigable. The geraniums are lush and valiant.   The  indefatigable  Vermont Sen. Bernie  Sanders, of course, led the pack. Indefatigable is the opposite of defatigable and means, â€Å"incapable of being fatigued.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:The Yiddish Handbook: 40 Words You Should Know20 Pairs of One-Word and Two-Word FormsInspiring vs. Inspirational

Portfolio Management, Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Portfolio Management, - Research Paper Example The limitations of the study are listed. Economic liberalization and globalization have brought about a new and competitive environment for the common and small investors who are willing to participate in the equity of the corporate sector in our country. Understanding the firm's investment decisions under imperfect market conditions is one of the central issues of the financial economics. Studying firm's investment in such environment can provide insight into the dynamics of its growth as a function of internal and external financial sources. Fazzari et al. (1988) argue that in the presence of financing constraints the firm's investment vary not only with the availability of the profitable investment projects, but also with the internal funds. Consequently, the severity of the financing constraints is proposed to be measured by the magnitude of the cash flow sensitivity of investment. The memo was found at moneycontrol.com. The memo talks about the investment option of a venture capitalist. It provides details of investments in various countries for a period of seven years and advises the manager in taking up an investment decision. The colours in the chart are used appropriately and the chart is easy to read. In the chart, real numbers have been used and in the Y axis instead of real numbers some legend might have been given to represent millions. The lines are used very effectively and the he line in the chart indicates the support level of the investments that the company can afford. I liked the chart and it provides a lot of information and is very effective. 2. Graphic Memo Introduction This memo describes how I spend an average day. First, I list all activities and schedule them. The entire activity is an application of planning. Then after arriving at the activities, a table is prepared showing the minutes of each activity. Finally a chart is drawn illustrating the percentage of time spent. Body The various activities that I perform in an average day includes Travel/Driving, Grooming, Studying, Class Attendance, Leisure Time, Work, Meals, Sleep, Etc. More detailed list is shown in the table. Then time is spent in each activity is calculated after organizing and scheduling the activities in a sequence. Then these activities are put in a table. Finally a pie chart is drawn to display hours. Table 1. List of Activities Activity Start Time End Time Minutes Grooming 7.00 A.M 8.00 A.M 60 Breakfast 8.00 A.M 8.15 A.M 15 Travel/Driving 8.15 A.M 9.00 A.M 45 Studying 9.00 A.M 10.00 A.M 60 Class Attendance 10.00 A.M 1.00 P.M 180 Meals 1.00 P.M 1.30 P.M 30 Leisure Time 1.30 P.M 2.00 P.M 30 Travel/Driving 2.00 P.M 3.00 P.M 60 Work 3.00 P.M 7.00 P.M 240 Travel/Driving 7.00 P.M 8.00 P.M 60 Dinner 8.00 P.M 8.30

Starbucks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Starbucks - Essay Example Back in the US, situations were totally different. The option to drink a cup of coffee that was prepared according to the customers’ preference was not available. The available options were fast-food restaurants or gourmet cafes which were not open in the early morning hours of the day. Schultz was influenced by these three factors; absence of coffee shops in the early morning hours or extended hours of the day, the inability of the shops to prepare coffee according to the choice of customers, and people’s interest in using cafes as places of public interaction. Thus, Schultz started his own Coffee bar that allowed customers to decide the nature of the coffee to be made. Thus, in 1986, Schultz opened his coffee bar in Seattle in the name ‘Il Giornale’ and on the first day, they served 300 customers and precisely according to his observation, most of the customers came in the morning hours. Soon, he acquired the Starbucks’ name and operation. Thus, it is evident that the success of Starbucks was largely dependent on its success in identifying the opportunity and bringing into practice what they have envisioned. 2. The five forces according to Porter’s Five-force model are: a) potential entry of new competitors, b) potential development of substitute products, c) bargaining power of suppliers, d) rivalry among competing firms, and e) bargaining power of consumers. When the first force is considered, the biggest threat comes from McDonalds’ McCafe as it is easy for McDonald to add coffee services to their existing retail services. As per reports, the income from McCafe is 15% higher than the income from a regular McDonald and presently, it is the largest in Australia and New Zealand. In addition, Starbucks has something to worry as it has not started providing canned or bottled coffee; and it is clear that one who wants to save time and money will certainly go for canned or bottled coffee instead of the Starbucks mug (Strategic Management PMS 3393). When the third point is considered, one has to accept that Starbucks is victimized to this situation very often. In 2001, Starbucks was forced to buy coffee bean at a higher price as the suppliers raised the price. However, prior agreements on price will help the company overcome this problem. In machines and technology, the company will have to go for the total ownership of supplies. However, rivalry among competing firms is the most important one. Currently, there are about 14,000 coffee outlets in the US and there are many restaurants and supermarkets where coffee is cheaper than that of Starbucks. Some other important competitors are Dunkin Donuts and Krispy Kreme followed by coffee brands like Tully’s and Pete’s Coffee. In addition, their non-coffee products are threatened by brands like Orange Julius and Jamba Juice (Starbucks: â€Å"The Non-Coffee Treat†). However, as far as Starbucks retains perfection and quality, these competitors will not raise any serious threat. The last point is the bargaining power of customers. It seems that customers bargain only when alternatives are available and hence, this will not create a threat to Starbucks. In addition, its huge popularity reduces the bargaining power of the public. In fact, the situation was totally different in the

The Damage Of A Disorganised Organisation Business Essay

The Damage Of A Disorganised Organisation Business Essay The assignment focuses on the outcomes of the study of the module-Organizational Behaviour which deals with the importance of the organizational principles in any company linked to its success in long run. I have focussed myself to study the Case of Oticon Ltd. in reference to change of organisation structure bringing in success. Though the objective of the study is to analyse the organisation in the context of dynamics of change affecting its very functioning with respect of organizational issues, the limitation of the study is inability to take up all issues considering organisation behaviour. Oticon, is a Danish firm, which was founded in 1904 by William Demant, is a leader in manufacturing hearing aids in Europe and the rest of the world. During the 1980s, a small American company, which designed a new and innovative model of hearing aids, entered aggressively in the market, and caused decreased sales for Oticon. The reaction of Oticon was immediate, as they decided to reconstruct the whole structure of the company, so as to boost their efficiency and profitability. The process lasted for almost three years, and resulted to major changes, which helped Oticon to regain profits, and become again a leader in their sector. Oticon is a good example of what D. T. Hall (1996) called The career is dead, long live the career and the boundary career construct (Arthur Rousseau, 1966). Key features of traditional career management like earmarking of management potential, formalized development programs, the use of promotions and organizational symbolism (e.g., privileges) etc. were simply not applicable in the spaghetti organization with no hierarchical structure, no traditional management positions, no high-flier program and not even an HR function. The nickname spaghetti organization reflects the complex, informal and almost anarchistic characteristics of the project organization, as it was initially implemented at Oticon. The path which Oticon choose to regain its ground and the initiatives taken in terms of Organizational Behaviour has been assessed in this assignment. For the purpose of analyzing the focus was laid down on 3 key aspects of organization behavior which are organizational structure, management of change and organizational culture and climate which can be correlated to the case. 2. Organizational Structure According to Sheldon: Organization is the process of combining the work, which individuals and groups have to perform with the facilities necessary for its execution, that the duties so performed provide the best channels for the efficient, systematic, positive and coordinated application of the available efforts. Koontz and Donnel have defined organizational structure as the establishment of authority relationships with provision for coordination between them, both vertically and horizontally in the enterprise structure. A good organizational structure has the following features: The structure should lay down a formal reporting hierarchy from lowest level to higher level of management. Identical activities should be grouped for each department so that equipment, processes and expertise can be developed at one place under the guidance of a departmental head. Coordination of various activities is laid down and specification of the coordinating authority be placed. Individual, group and departmental goals should be laid down with specific time frame. Monitoring of goals is essential to achieve the objectives. 2.1 Forms of Organization Structure Mechanistic form Organic form Comparative evaluation of mechanistic and organic form of organizational structures can be summarized as under: 2.1Centralization and Decentralization Apart from the forms of organizational structure discussed above the decision makers of the organization could be categorized into centralization and decentralization based on the form of organizational structure the board of directors or the higher management decide for the benefit of the organization, but in certain cases of management decisions this may or may not prove beneficially in long run and change is expected if it needs to change its horizons and expand its business. The concept of centralization refers to reservation of authority for decision making at top level of management i.e. the decision lies in the hands of Board of Directors/MD. Lower levels are responsible for implementing the decisions or one can say to abide by the decision ordered by the higher level. They are basically operators or implementers. In general, the authority is not delegated to the lower levels. The subordinates carry out work towards accomplishing their destined task. If at all there is a hurdle or operation is halted due to some reason, then the matter is referred to an appropriate authority that has the power to take appropriate decision to resolve the problem. Centralization can be viewed or implemented where the organization structures do not have many layers and it is relatively flat. It is majorly noticed where the subordinates are rightly not trained to handle key specific/ higher jobs, where there is a lack of trust in subordinates and the intricacy or the magnitude of work that demands centralized control. Decentralization on the other hand refers to authority being delegated to various levels of organization for making appropriate decisions for making the process quicker and efficient. In decentralized organizations, the individuals at lower levels are allowed to make decisions pertaining to their jobs which give them autonomy. Authority in this case does not flow with the same rate to each of the levels of the organization structure. It is important to note that each level should have appropriate authority for decision making when need arises and that one does not have to wait for upper level to take decisions at each level. An organization which has flat organizational structure is ideal to have a decentralized command and control especially in the current environment where specialization, information technology, competencies, work teams, group culture and systems prevail. It develops a sense of responsibility among employees, efficient time management, improves productivity, team sprit, motivation and brings the feeling of oneness among work groups. Greater decentralization offers employees higher level of job satisfaction as they have autonomy at work in decision making process. They can respond to a particular situation quickly. Charlisle suggested the following guidelines to determine whether there should be centralization or decentralization. (a) Mission, goals and objectives of the organization: Those organizations where democracy exists prefer decentralized structure in decision making process in turn, small organizations have a centralized structure. (b) Size of the organization and complexity of the work. Large organizations with diverse production lines and conglomerates with companies involved in different fields should be decentralized. (c) Geographical location of customers: Organizations which cater for customers which are geographically located far apart should have decentralized organizational structure. (d) Competency: If the top management is highly skilled, knowledgeable and experienced and has the capacity to handle more activities at one time, then the centralization is recommended. (e) Communication: If the communication between the management and employees is efficient, then the decentralization is recommended. This will enable problem solving and accord a sense of autonomy amongst workers. 2.2 Organizational structure and Oticon Oticon was initially following the Mechanistic Form of organization structure with centralized decision makers until it faced a stiff competition in terms of market leadership until Kolind the new CEO of the company had converted the same mechanistic form of organization structure into decentralized organic system of organizational structure which yielded fruitful results to the success of company in long run. Though the top management is highly skilled, knowledgeable and experienced and has the capacity to handle more activities at one time, then the centralization is recommended but the situation demanded Spaghetti organization. The introduction of Spaghetti form of organization structure was a tough task indeed as it needed everyones (board of directors, stakeholders, etc.) consent for implementation and the situation for Oticon demanded immediate decision to change its structure for its very survival which also links with the management of change which is discussed in relation to organization structure in the following paragraphs. 3.0 Management of Change It is known fact that change is inevitable. Nothing is permanent except the change but it is the duty of the management or organization to manage change properly and orderly. Organizations must incorporate suitable changes if the situation so demands or when the need arises. Change is a continuous phenomenon. It is to be noted even in most stable organizations change is necessary just to keep the level of stability. The major environmental forces, which make the change necessary, are Technology, Market forces and Socio-economic factors. Showing resistance to change can prove fatal for the very existence of the organization. According to Barney and Griffin, the primary reason cited for organizational problems is the failure by managers to properly anticipate or respond to forces for change. 3.1 Change Process Kurt Lewin proposed Three Stage Model of the change process for moving the organization from present position to the changed position. This is as under: Stage 1: Unfreezing: Creating motivation and readiness to change through (a) Disconfirmation or lack of confirmation. (b) Creation of guilt or anxiety. (c) Ensure subordinates of psychological safety. Stage 2: Changing through cognitive restructuring: Helping the client to see things, judge things, and feel things differently based on new point of view obtained through. (a) Identifying with a new role model, mentor, etc. (b) Scanning the environment for new relevant information. Stage 3: Refreezing: Helping the client to integrate the new point of view into (a) The total personality and self concept. (b) Significant relationship. 1. Unfreezing: Process of unfreezing makes individuals ready for change. Lewin believes that employees must be informed in advance of impending change and that they should not be surprised. Unfreezing entails unfreezing the old behaviour or situation. Edgar Schein took this excellent idea propagated by Lewin and improved by specifying psychological mechanism involved in each stage of the model. Unfreezing involves creating motivation and readiness to change by creating an environment of disconfirmation of existing psychological safety in the changed pattern of behaviour. This can be achieved by making announcements, meetings and promoting the idea throughout the organization through bulletin, boards, personal contacts and group conferences. The unfreezing process basically cleans the slate so that fresh behavioural patterns, customs, traditions can be imprinted which can then become a new way of doing things. 2. Moving: Once unfreezing process is completed, moving takes place. Moving is incorporating change. Persons undergo cognitive restructuring. The process is carried out by the following three methods as proposed by Kelman: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Compliance: Compliance is achieved by introducing rewards and punishments. It has been established that individual accepts change if he is rewarded or punished. This is a behaviour modification tool. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Identification: Members are psychologically impressed upon to select their role model and modify behaviour. If a leader can act as a role model the change is easier. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Internalization: It involves internal changing of individuals thought processes in order to adjust to a new environment. Members are advised to carry out soul searching and adopt a new behaviour. 3. Refreezing: It is related to integrate the new behaviours into the persons personality and attitude. It is referred to stabilization. The change behaviour must necessarily fit into the social surroundings. Refreezing takes place when the new behaviour is adopted in a normal way of life. New behaviour must replace the old on a permanent basis. New behaviours must be re-enforced continuously so that it does not diminish. Change process is not a one time process but it is continuous hence unfreezing, change and refreezing must also be continuous. 3.1 Steps In Managing Change Organizations must plan to implement change in a systematic manner. It must identify the field in which the change is required whether it is strategic, structural, process oriented or cultural change. Changes can also be affected in all the areas concurrently, but it must be managed appropriately so that there is no bottleneck effect. Once the need for change is identified and the area in which it is to be implemented, the following steps have been suggested by Greiner. Develop new goals and objectives: Objectives and goals are derived out of mission statements, objects may need revision due to change in external or internal forces. Select an agent for change: It is the responsibility of the management to entrust execution of change to appropriate authority. A manager may be given this responsibility. Diagnose the problem: Diagnosis is the first step to implement change. If an organization has a large number of employee turnover then the data must be collected and made available to the consultant so that the reasons for turnover can be identified and appropriate corrective measures taken. The process of identification of problem is not simple as it appears and requires research. Select Methodology: It is comparatively easy to implement material change as a part of change of a system. What is important is to protect the emotions they must be made party to select methods so that it is easier to implement at a later stage. Develop Plan: If the organization wants to reduce employee turn over, it may like to carry out comparative study of other organizations in respect of job content, reward system, employee performance, appraisal system, promotion criteria, training development and the strategy adopted by the organization for its growth. Strategy for implementation: Timings of implementation of change is very crucial. If the change is related to internal employees, it must be communicated at an appropriate time so that there is no resistance to planned change. Implementation of Plan: Once the decision to implement the plan and communication through which the plan is to be implemented is decided, it is the responsibility of the various departments to implement the same. This may need notification, briefing sessions or in-house seminars so as to ensure acceptance of all the members of the organizations specially those who are likely to get affected. Employee reactions in attitudes, aspirations, emotions and behaviour must be canalized in positive directions due to change. Evaluation Feedback: The result of the change must be evaluated and suitable feed back obtained. If modification to training development causes decrease in employee turnover, the objective of change would deemed to have been achieved. If the results are contrary to the expectation, then a new change may be required to diagnose cause. 3.2 The Change Process in relation to Oticon: Think the Unthinkable The change process in Oticon was initiated with the recruitment of a new CEO, Lars Kolind in 1988, who was given the full responsibility for implementing changes, and who bought the change which was unthinkable. After a two-year period of rationalization and cost-cutting, which has achieved savings in sales and administration costs of 20 percent, Lars Kolind announced in early 1990 a unique package of innovative and radical initiatives in terms of organizational structure, job design, information technology, and physical layout of the company. Oticon was rebuilt as a networking organization and became the worlds technologically leading audio logical company; and within five years was listed on the Danish stock exchange. The recommendations for the change process was described in a 10-page memo called Think the unthinkable, which was written by the new CEO and distributed to all staff in March 1990. The proposed changes are described: 1. To Increase the competitiveness by utilizing human and technological resources in a more efficient way, reducing the overhead costs, which at that point of time exceeded the actual production costs; 2. The objective is to replace the hierarchical job structure where in each employee is involved in number of projects at the same time considering each project as a business unit with its own criteria. 3. To reduce the written paper communication by establishing electronic scanning of all incoming mail and introducing comprehensive information technology systems, networks, etc.; 4. To disown traditional managerial jobs and transferring managerial authority to the project groups or the individual employee; 5. An open space office to be created where physical mobility persists where in each person has a cart or trolley, a cabinet on wheels containing the computer, the phone, and a limited space for files that can be moved around in the office. 4.0 Organizational Culture and Climate Edgar Schein defined culture as A pattern of basic assumptions invented, discovered or developed by given group as it learns to cope with its problems of external adoption and internal integration worked well enough to be considered valuable and therefore, to be taught to new members as a correct way to perceive, think and feel, in relation to those problems. Wagner III and Hollenbeck have defined organizational culture as the shared attitude and perceptions in an organization that are based on a set of fundamental norms and values and help members understand the organization. Organizational culture is not inherit form of an organization, it has to be invented and later developed over a period of time. It enables employees to perform within the framework of the organizations culture. Environment plays a dominant role in developing the culture and so does demographic factors. Once the culture is developed, it virtually becomes a peoples organization from a functional point of view that promotes risk-taking among managerial cadre and generates novel ideas. It promotes communication that improves productivity and job satisfaction. 4.1 Organizational Climate According to Bowditch and Buono Organizational culture is with the nature of belief and expectations about organizational life, while climate is an indicator of whether those beliefs and expectations are being fulfilled. Employees in the organization keep studying the management philosophy and various actions they take to deal with organizational factors that are of a routine nature. These include the following: (a) Selection Process of the employees. (b) Leadership style and approach to solve problems of the employees. (c) Wage administration. (d) Attitude to implement change and incorporate latest technology. (e) Job description. (f) Organizational structure and frequency to modify the same based on need. (g) Performance evaluation. (h) Promotion policy and its implementation. (i) Efforts involved in promoting creativity and innovations. (j) Availability of resources for research and development. Overt factors can be measured and fair assessment can therefore be made about the intentions of the management and efforts they are putting in to build an appropriate organizational climate. While on the other hand covert factors can not be quantified being of subjective nature. Likert has carried out studies on organizational climate by isolating six different variables namely decision making, leadership style, motivation, goal setting, communication and control. Each variable was then evaluated on four dimensions. Each of the dimensions can then be studied on the five-point scale enumerated above. Based on the inputs so received on the specific study of a particular variable an appropriate conclusion of the prevailing organizational climate can be drawn. Suitable remedial measures then can be initiated to modify the climate to desired level. According to Edgar Schein Culture is the most difficult organizational attribute to change. He specified three cognitive levels of organizational culture: What can be seen and known, Organizational mission and value, Tacit assumptions which is the deepest level and the most difficult to explicate. In the years before the change Oticon management had bureaucratic nature of the organization and corporate culture. It was more off hierarchical organization with importance given to people rather than position. Oticon after year 1991 became more task culture, it developed into customer focus organization and started to be project orientated, where departments disappeared, individuals were expected to contribute to the organization and got recognized influence in the group. In short it was made more important what you do and not who you are. 5. Conclusion Various companies have tried and tested teamwork organization unsuccessfully but what were the key elements that were responsible for the success of teamwork in Oticon? A lot of companies want to implement teamwork in their processes, as working into teams has several advantages such as creativity, innovation, speed, and better productivity. Moreover, teams with more freedom in their ideas and way of working, seem to be more productive and creative than others with stricter rules. In the case of Oticon, there are several key elements which were responsible for the successful implementation of teamwork. Firstly, the employees were fully informed about the changes and the new working situation. In addition to this, some of them participated to the process of restructuring the company. Even in the meetings there was the employees presence so as to be closer to the new decisions. It is important to be mentioned that it was necessary for the employees to practice in PC use, so they were encouraged to take a PC home so as to practice in their free time too. Another aspect of this change was that because of the Spaghetti organization, all the departments were abolished, and the companys structure was based on the projects. By this, employees were motivated, as they were encouraged to come up with new ideas for new projects, and become leaders of these project teams. So, the company promoted creativity and innovative ideas among their workers and gained in productivity, as the employees felt satisfied and ready to contribute more, because they were active members in the development of the organization. The organization of the company became more elastic, that gave freedom to employees duties; as they could co-operate and even more, work in the same offices, by moving their desks. Oticon also gave the freedom to project leaders to select on their own the team members, according to their specifications, in a more informal way, the selected team members had the right to refuse to take part in the project. This means that the people, who are in the team, are by their will, so they are more dedicated in the goal, and loafing effects are avoided. Furthermore, it is important to be mentioned that team meetings were frequently arranged, and the way the meetings were conducted, were organized by the team itself, in the frame of given freedom. So, teams decided in which way they could be more productive, and, be frequent meetings and good communication, the success was inevitable. On the contrary, meetings between senior management, and project groups had taken place only once every three months in order to present their results and take feedback. A three year preparation period before the completion of the new structure was enough time for the idea to mature, and the organizations members to adapt to the new working conditions. Finally, the fully autonomous groups were one of the most important factors of success, as strong connections were built between the team members, which ameliorated the collaboration. Moreover, team members had the opportunity to work in several projects simultaneously, which allowed them to exchange and share ideas and information between connected projects. All in all, the not formalized structure encouraged all employees to contribute in the development, be having the right to give to their employers, new ideas and projects, without the fear of criticism. Evaluation of the Outcomes, and the Present Today, over two decade after the changes were inaugurated, overall management ideology and practice have largely remained the same, but a number of specific changes have occurred. The organization has been professionalized by defined projects in the sense that fewer people are now assigned as project team leaders, with a proper  career path, and that a training program in project management has been launched thus making it more selective and exclusive to become a project manager. The role of functional experts has been maintained, but has developed into more traditional business units or staff functions. The CEOs thought of creating a paperless organization has proved to be too idealistic. Lars Kolind, the man behind the change of thought process in 1990-91, retired in 1998 and was replaced by Niels Jacobsen, who had been with the company from 1988 and co-managed the company with Lars Kolind until his retirement.